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Objective To investigate the effect of oxygen free radical (OFR) on the injury of small intestine in rats treated with burn, sulfur mustard or sulfur mustard plus burn. Methods Totally 95 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: 30 rats subjected to 30 third-degree TBSA scalding (B), 30 injected subcutaneously with 2 ml/kg sulfur mustard (S), 30 subjected to both (SB), 5 as normal controls (C). Activity of diamine oxidase (DAO) and superoxide dismutases (SODs), contents of malonaldehyde (MDA) in plasma, and pathological changes of ileum at 2, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 h after injury were observed. Results Three treatments could induce significant decrease of activity of SODs (P
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Objective To study the effects of sulfur mustard on chromosomal aberration in Chinese hamster fibroblast cell line (CHL cells) and the micronucleus (MN) frequency in the bone marrow cells of mice. Methods CHL cells (with and without S9) treated with different concentrations of sulfur mustard for 24 h were harvested for the preparation of chromosome. Subsequently, the frequency and the type of chromosomal aberration were examined. The KM mice were sacrificed at 24 h after subcutaneous injection of sulfur mustard. The number of micronuclei-containing polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) was counted by means of bone marrow smear and Giemsa staining. Results Sulfur mustard might increase the chromosomal aberration frequency of CHL cell in a dose-dependent manner. S9 had no effects on the classificaiton and the frequency of chromosomal aberration. The types of chromosomal aberration included gap, break, deletion, polyploid, and so on. Compared with that in the control group, the MN ratio in every group increased significantly (P
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Objective To detect the mutagenicity of sulfur mustard in the tk gene of L5178Y3.7.2c tk +/- mouse lymphoma cells. Methods The plating efficiency and the mutant frequency were detected by the microtiter procedure. Results Sulfur mustard induced tk locus mutation with mutation frequency 2-15 times higher than that of spontaneous mutation frequency of L5178Y3.7.2c tk +/- cells. There were two different phenotypes of mutation colonies induced, which were large and small colonies, but most of them were small colonies. Conclusion Sulfur mustard is characterized by marked mutagenic activity and cytotoxicity. The compound may result in large range of DNA damage.
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Objective To investigate the changes of caspase 3 activity and the interventional effect of tetrapeptide AC DEVD CHO on sulfur mustard induced apoptosis of lymphocyte. Methods The activity of caspase 3 was detected by fluorospectrophotometry. DNA ladder and apoptosis were detected by DNA agarose gel electrophoresis and flow cytometry. Results Sulfur mustard enhanced the activity of caspase 3 and its polypeptide inhibitor (AC DEVD CHO) partially blocked apoptosis, which was mainly presented as an obscure phenomenon of DNA ladder and a decrease in percentage of apoptosis. Conclusion Sulfur mustard can induce the apoptosis of lymphocyte by means of activating caspase 3. The inhibitor may have an interventional effect on lymphocyte apoptosis induced by sulfur mustard.
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Objective To investigate the manner and molecular mechanism of lymphocyte cytotoxic action induced by sulfur mustard. Methods Lymphocytes were separated from the spleen of Wistar rats and were cultured. DNA strand breaks were detected by fluorospectrophotometry. RT PCR and Western blotting were employed to detect the gene and protein expressions of caspase 3 and its activation. Results Sulfur mustard induced DNA strand breaks in the lymphocytes. Gene and protein expressions of caspase 3 were increased in a time dependent manner. Conclusion Sulfur mustard induces lymphocyte cytotoxic action by means of depending on the expression and activation of caspase 3.
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Objectives: To observe the therapeutic effects of collagen corneal shields (CCS) combined with fibronectin (FN) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) on healing of rabbit corneal wound caused by mustard gas, and to look for the new methods,new technology and new medicine to treat the injured cornea before eyelid edema observed in field hospital.Methods: After the left cornea was contaminated with mustard gas, 24 rabbits were equally divided into three groups(groups A, B, C) at random. Groups A,B,C were treated with PBS,CCS and CCS+FN+EGF,respectively. The corneas were stained with fluorescein and photographed 2, 8, 16, 24, 36,72 hours after contamination. The rate of corneal epithelial healing and percentage of damage were calculated. Results:The healing rates of groups A,B and C were (0.879±0.139)mm2/h, (1.223±0.166)mm2/h and (1.543±0.224)mm2/h,respectively and had statistically significant difference(P<0.01). The percentage of damage was 71.6%, 57.3% and 44.8%,respectively and also had statistically significant difference(P<0.01).Conclusions: The treatment with CCS can accelerate the corneal epithelial healing injured by mustard gas and the therapeutic effects will be better if CCS is combined with FN and EGF.